青海省北部重点成矿带与矿集区矿山地质环境遥感监测研究

Study of Remote Sensing Monitoring Concerning Geological Environment of Major Metallogenic Belt and Mining Concentrations in the Northern Qinghai Province

为了查明青海省重点成矿带与矿集区矿山地质环境的现状及变化趋势,利用DEM和IKO-NOS、QUICKBIRD、WORLDVIEW-2、SPOT-5等卫星遥感解译资料对该地区的矿山地质环境进行了研究。结果表明,盐湖矿产开发占地面积最大,其次为煤矿,且煤矿区和盐湖矿区占地面积扩展迅速。矿山开发所引发的地质灾害(隐患)集中分布于煤矿开采区,主要表现为塌陷坑、地裂缝、崩塌(隐患)、泥石流(隐患)和地面塌陷区(隐患)等。环境污染主要表现为水体污染、粉尘污染和尾矿污染,而尾矿污染较为突出。

A study was implemented for the sake of geological environment status and development trend concerning metallogenic belt and mining concentrations by interpreting materials via means of DEM, IKO- NOS, QUICKBIRD, WORLDVIEW-2 and SPOT-5. The result of this has shown that salt lake exploita- tion holds the largest proportion, followed by coal mining, and areas shared by both coal mining and salt lake see a rapid growth. Geological disasters caused during mining exploitation are mainly located in coal mining area, they are shown as collapsed pits, splits, cracks （potential）, debris flow （potential）, ground collapse （potential）, and so on. Forms of environment pollution are water pollution, dust pollution and railings pollution in particular.