西地中海的弧后盆地

The back-arc basins in the western Mediterranean

地中海是太平洋之外弧后盆地较为发育的海区。巴利阿里海盆和第勒尼安海盆是西地中海两个位置相邻、互有成因联系的弧后盆地。海盆莫霍面埋深分别为 1 2～ 1 5km和 1 0 km,热流密度分别为 1 0 0 m W/m2和 2 0 0 m W/m2 ,发育有大洋型磁条带异常 ,大洋钻探和拖网取样均采到了拉斑玄武岩。较之巴利阿里海盆 ,第勒尼安海盆更富年青性。两弧后盆地的成生演化是与欧洲板块与非洲 -阿普利亚板块的相互作用息息相关的。中新世 ,随着非洲 -阿普利亚板块向西、西北俯冲 ,科西嘉、撒丁裂离欧洲大陆 ,巴利阿里海盆被打开 ;上新世 ,阿普利亚微板块进一步俯冲 ,导致亚平宁与科西嘉、撒丁之间的裂离 ,形成第勒尼安海盆。

The paper is a synthesis on two back\|arc basins in the Mediterranean, namely the Balearic basin and the Tyrrhenian basin. The data of crustal structure, gravity, magnetism, thermal regime, deep drilling and dredging data, show that both basins are floored with oceanic crust. The origin and evolution of the basins are related to the convergence between the European plate and African \| Apulian plate during Neogene.