生物活性钙对设施番茄栽培的效应研究

Study on the Effects of EM Activated Calcium on Tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum) Cultivation in Greenhouse

[目的]开展复合微生物(EM)发酵技术研制的生物活性钙制剂在设施番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum)栽培中对果实脐腐病的防治效果及在增产和改善设施栽培环境方面的作用研究。[方法]供试番茄品种为"英石大红"。共设1个生物活性钙剂处理和1个对照。[结果]生物活性钙剂灌根及叶部喷施能明显降低番茄脐腐病的发病率,使其发病率控制在0.7%以下;施用生物活性钙后番茄果实中还原糖、可溶糖含量比对照提高51.8%和44.0%。另外,施用生物活性钙可增加酸性土壤pH,降低电导率,还可增加设施土壤中细菌数量和真菌数量的比值(细菌/真菌),减轻土壤障碍。[结论]该研究可为新型生物活性钙剂的研制提供指导,并为用EM发酵技术研制的生物活性钙剂的推广应用奠定基础。

[Objective] The purpose was to study the effects of activated calcium produced by using effective micro-organism（EM） fermentation engineering on controlling the navel rot of tomato,increasing yield and improving soil environment.[Method] The tomato variety was Yingshidahong.One EM activated calcium treatment and one CK was designed respectively.[Result] The results showed that the navel rot ratio of tomato was decreased significantly and was less than 0.7 percent by spraying EM activated calcium on the surface of leaves and in the soil.The reducing sugar and soluble sugar content of tomato were increased 51.8% and 44.0% compared with CK,respectively.Moreover,the pH of acidic soil was increased and EC of soil was decreased,the ratio of bacteria to fungi in the greenhouse soil was increased due to the application of activated calcium,which reduced the soil stress problems.[Conclusion] The study provides a guidance for developing new type of biological activated calcium,and lays foundation for popularization and application of biological activated calcium by EM fermentation engineering.