再论中国古建筑的木构选择

Discussion on Selection of Wood Structure of Ancient Buildings in China

立足于中国古建筑的木框架结构的建筑体系,认为中国古人之所以选择木材作为建筑材料有其自身存在的特点和必然性。分析了传统聚落的建筑特点,藉以透视出中国古建筑就地取材的特点,进而分析了中国木构建筑形制在广度、高度上的适应性,以及其所彰显的平面布局的灵活性和复杂性。结合中国人的生命观,从精神与物质双重层面解析了中国木构建筑中所蕴涵的永恒意义。试图通过自然选择、技术进步、空间优势、精神价值、审美需求等方面的阐述,为中国传统建筑最终使用木材作为建筑材料的成因理出一条脉络,旨在比较客观地对待中国古人在人类文明进步史上所做的努力。

Based on wood structure of ancient buildings in China,the paper considers that Chinese ancient people have selected wood as the architectural material due to its characteristics and some necessity.After the analysis of architectural features of traditional settlements,it has found that Chinese ancient people tend to draw on local materials for construction.Then,it further analyzes the adaptability of Chinese wood structure,and the flexibility and complexity of its plane layout.By combining with Chinese life value,the eternal significance contained in wood structure has been explained based on material and spiritual level.From the perspective of natural selection,technological advancement,spatial advantage,spiritual value and aesthetic need,the paper tries to find causes for wood structure as architectural materials,aiming to objectively treat the effort of Chinese ancient people made in the progress history of human civilization.