学生学习兴趣发展研究述评及其启示

The Review on the Development of Students' Interest to Study and its Inspiration

随着年龄的增加,学生对几乎所有学科的学习兴趣均呈下降的趋势。学习兴趣的结构变动主要有增长模式、通道模式和交叠模式三种。学习兴趣的转化历经情境兴趣的激发与维持、个体兴趣的萌芽与成熟四个阶段。影响学习兴趣发展的动因大体可划分为情境与个体两类。探讨学习兴趣发展的各研究之间有着内在的相互承继、补充和不断深化的关系,但它们均重描述轻解释,而对学习兴趣发展提供解释的各研究,其视角又比较单一。

With the increasing of age,students＇ interest to learn totally shows a downward trend.There are three main models,including growth model,channeling model and overlap model about changes in the structure of interest to study.The transformation of interest to study goes through triggered situational interest,maintained situational interest,emerging individual interest and well-developed individual interest.The drives which influence the development of interest to study can roughly be divided into individual and situational facets.The researches on the development of interest to study,which have given more concerns to describing than explanation,demonstrated inherently inheritance,complementary and continuously deepening relationships.However,those researches which concern how to explain are all simply from a single perspective.