下沉式日光温室南侧边际区域土壤温度变化特征

Variation characteristics of soil temperature at south edge area in sinking-mode greenhouse

为进一步优化日光温室结构,对下沉深度为80cm的日光温室内距南立面0～5 m(深度0.1 m)、温室外距南立面0～1 m(深度0～60 cm)范围内的土壤温度进行实测,以确定日光温室南侧边际区域土壤温度的变化特征,并与非下沉式日光温室的南侧边际效应区域对比,分析两者的优劣之处。结果表明:在最冷的1月份下沉式日光温室内南侧土壤边际效应界点位于距南立面160 cm处,在3月下旬仅位于距南立面20 cm处;1月中旬,1d内温室内的土壤边际效应界点与南立面的最远距离为180 cm,最近距离为60 cm,界点出现的时段分别为≥03:00～09:00、≥15:00～18:00。与非下沉式日光温室相比,下沉式日光温室南侧的边际区域明显缩小。温室外距南立面0～1 m(深度0～60 cm)范围内,在垂直南立面和垂直地表方向上均存在温度相对稳定的界面。作为日光温室优化设计的指标之一,边际区域的缩小显现出河南地区下沉式日光温室的优越性。

To further optimize the structure of the greenhouse,the variation characteristics of the temperature in south edge area in the sinking-mode greenhouse of the sinking depth 80 cm was analyzed and the comparison of the soil temperature of this mode and the non-sunken greenhouse was made.The temperature inside greenhouse 0～5m from south vertical wall（0.1m depth） and outside greenhouse 0～1m from south vertical wall（0～60cm depth） were measured.The results showed that the distance of boundary point for soil temperature at the south edge area was 160 cm from the south vertical wall of the greenhouse in January,and it was only 20cm from that in late March.In mid-January,in one day the farthest point appeared during ≥03：00～09：00,which was located at 180cm from the south,and the nearest point appeared during ≥15：00～18：00,which was located at 60 cm.Compared with the south edge area in the non-sunken greenhouse,the size of the sinking greenhouse was obviously reduced.At distance 0～1m from south vertical wall（0～60cm depth） outside greenhouse,relatively stable interface of temperature existed in both the facade that perpendicular to south vertical wall and the facade that perpendicular to surface.As one of an index of the optimized design of a greenhouse,the reduction of edge area can show the superiority of the sinking-mode sunlight greenhouse in Henan province.