制作主权:法权会议与近代法学话语实践

Fabricating Sovereignty:the Extraterritoriality Conference and Modern Legal Discourse Practice

1926年召开的法权会议作为北洋政府一次废除领事裁判权、收回法权的外交努力源于华盛顿会议关于中国治外法权的决议。此次会议虽被国人寄予厚望却未能废除领事裁判权,而只是出具了一份描述中国法律及司法状况的报告书。法权会议报告书指陈中国法典不完善、司法不独立等等,庶几反映了当时中国法律的一个面向。最重要的是法权会议彰显了主权观念的勃兴,强化了近代中国为废除领事裁判权而效仿西法、改良法律的论证逻辑。

The extraterritoriality conference in 1926 as a diplomatic effort of the Northern Warlords Government to recover Chinese independent juridical power originated from a resolution on China＇s extraterritorial jurisdiction at the Washington Conference.Although Chinese people pinned great hopes on the meeting,it finally decided not to abolish extraterritoriality with only one paper describing the status of Chinese law and judicature.The report of the commission on extraterritoriality stated that Chinese Code was imperfect;the administration of justice was not independent and so on.All of these judgments reflect perhaps one aspect of Chinese law at that time.Most importantly,this conference showed that the sovereignty concept was flourishing,strengthen the logic that modern China had to learn from the Western law and improve its own legal systems to repealed extraterritoriality.