红火蚁工蚁对跟踪信息素的触角电位和行为反应

EAG and behavioral responses of workers of the red imported fire ant,Solenopsis invicta Buren(Hymenoptera:Formicidae) to its trail pheromones

【目的】测定红火蚁Solenopsis invicta Buren工蚁对其跟踪信息素的触角电位(EAG)及行为反应。【方法】解剖红火蚁工蚁的杜氏腺,用正己烷溶剂提取其分泌的跟踪信息素进行气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析,并测定了红火蚁工蚁对杜氏腺提取物、工蚁提取物和合成的法尼烯混合物的EAG和招募行为反应。【结果】通过与合成的法尼烯混合物的气相色谱(GC)保留时间和质谱图比对,发现杜氏腺提取物的主要成分并不是Z,E-α-法尼烯。EAG测定结果表明,红火蚁工蚁对杜氏腺提取物、工蚁提取物及100μg的法尼烯混合物均有较强的EAG反应,其次为10μg和1μg的法尼烯混合物。在招募行为测定中,杜氏腺提取物和工蚁提取物招募作用明显,而10,1,0.1和0.01μg法尼烯混合物的作用均不显著。【结论】Z,E-α-法尼烯不是红火蚁跟踪信息素的主要成分;红火蚁工蚁对杜氏腺提取物、工蚁提取物有较强的EAG反应和明显的招募行为反应。

[Aim] This study attempted to test electroantennographic（EAG） and behavioral responses of the workers of the red imported fire ant（RIFA）,Solenopsis invicta Buren,to its trail pheromones.[Methods] Dufour＇s gland of RIFA workers was dissected,and then extracted with hexane followed by GC-MS analysis.EAG and recruitment behavioral responses of the RIFA workers to Dufour＇s gland extract,extract of workers,and synthesized farnesenes were tested.[Results] In comparison to farnesenes synthesized from（±）-nerolidol,the major component of Dufour＇s gland extract was not Z,E-α-farnesene as previously identified.Dufour＇s gland extract,extract of workers and different doses of synthesized farnesenes could elicit significant EAG responses in RIFA workers and there was no significant difference among Dufour＇s gland extract,extract of workers and 100 μg farnesenes.Dufour＇s gland extract and extract of workers elicited a significant recruitment behavior,but no recruitment response was elicited by synthesized farnesenes at various doses including 10,1,0.1 and 0.01 μg.[Conclusion] Z,E-α-farnesene is not the major component of tail pheromones of S.invicta.Dufour＇s gland extract and extract of workers could elicit significant EAG and behavioral responses in RIFA workers.