隔离饲养对白蜡窄吉丁成虫寿命和繁殖力的影响

Influence of separate rearing on adult longevity and fecundity of the emerald ash borer,Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire(Coleoptera:Buprestidae)

白蜡窄吉丁Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire是近年来发生和危害严重的国际性检疫害虫。为了了解不同饲养条件和种内个体间相互感知对成虫生物学的影响,本研究采用群体饲养、单对饲养、无隔离单雌饲养、视觉隔离单雌饲养和嗅觉隔离单雌饲养等5种处理,在室内测定了白蜡窄吉丁成虫的寿命、取食量、产卵量和产卵历期等参数的变化。结果显示:隔离饲养降低了白蜡窄吉丁成虫的寿命和繁殖力,且不同处理下白蜡窄吉丁成虫的寿命和取食量均存在显著差异(P<0.05),但产卵量的差异不明显(P>0.05)。其中无隔离单雌饲养时成虫的平均寿命最长,为32.40d,群体饲养的寿命最短,为20.77d,且单雌饲养的寿命均比单对饲养和群体饲养的长。单雌饲养的3种情况下,视觉隔离条件下的日均取食量最大,为156.16mm2,嗅觉隔离的最小,为107.35mm2;无隔离饲养条件下雌虫的产卵量最大,产卵历期也最长,分别为98.33d和21.33d。这些研究结果表明,白蜡窄吉丁种内个体间相互感知的阻断对成虫的取食、发育和繁殖活动存在明显影响,且嗅觉在其种群内的交流活动中作用最重要,其次是视觉。此外,个体之间的相互干扰或竞争对白蜡窄吉丁成虫的寿命和繁殖力也可能存在一定的影响。这为生产上采用隔离措施如营造混交林带防治该虫提供了理论基础。

The emerald ash borer（EAB）,Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire（Coleoptera：Buprestidae）,is an important international quarantine insect pest.To understand the influence of different rearing conditions and intraspecific individual communications on biological parameters of the EAB adults,the adult longevity,food consumption,oviposition and oviposition duration were determined by group rearing,couple rearing,single female rearing without separation,single female rearing under visual separation and single female rearing under olfactory separation in laboratory.The results showed that separate rearing reduced the longevity and fecundity of EAB adults.The adult longevity and fecundity differed significantly（P0.05） among different treatments,but there was no significant difference in oviposition（P0.05）.No separation for single female rearing gave the longest average longevity（32.40 d）,while group rearing caused the shortest average longevity（20.77 d）.The average longevity in the treatment of single female rearing was longer than those in couple rearing and group rearing.For single female rearing,adults with visual separation consumed the maximum ash leaf（156.16 mm2 per day）,while those with olfactory separation consumed the least ash leaf（107.35 mm2 per day）.No separation for single female rearing caused the highest oviposition and the longest oviposition duration,which was 98.33 d and 21.33 d,respectively.It is concluded that block of intraspecific individual communications significantly influences the feeding,development and fecundity of EAB adults,and olfactory plays the most important roles in intraspecific individual communications and vision follows.In addition,disturbance or competition among individuals may also have some effects on the longevity and fecundity of EAB adults.These findings provide theoretical supports for the EAB management using separation measures such as planting mixed tree species.