中华真地鳖空间格局及土壤性质对其存活的影响

Spatial distribution pattern of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker(Blattaria:Polyphagidae) and the effects of soil properties on its survival

为了明确中华真地鳖Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker在自然界的分布及土壤性质对其存活的影响,运用森下氏分散指数(Morisita’s index of dispersion)研究了中华真地鳖种群空间格局;测试了4种不同土壤含水量(16%～29%)条件下中华真地鳖的卵孵化率与若虫存活率,还测试了以野外不同来源土壤(山脚栖息土、堆肥、菜园土、蘑菇料发酵土和黄砂红壤土)饲养时中华真地鳖若虫的存活率。结果表明,中华真地鳖若虫在室外为聚集分布,成虫为均匀分布,从地面到40cm的土壤深度都分布有中华真地鳖。土壤初始含水量21%和24%的卵孵化率最高,其他含水量的卵孵化率均显著较低(P<0.05),土壤初始含水量29%时的若虫存活率最低。堆肥、山脚栖息土更适合中华真地鳖生存。结果可为该虫的采集、饲养和深入研究提供科学的依据。

To study the characteristics of the spatial distribution of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker in the natural environment and the effects of soil properties on its survival,Morisita＇s index of dispersion was used to examine the type of distribution.The results showed that the nymphae of E.sinensis were clustered in the natural environment and the adults were randomly distributed outdoors,from ground surface to the depth of 40 cm.Testing under soil conditions with four different initial water contents ranging from 16% to 29% showed that the egg hatch rate in soils with the initial water contents of 21% and 24% was significantly higher than that in soils with other two water contents,and the survival rate of nymphae in soil with the initial water content of 29% was significantly lower than those in soils with other three water contents.Investigation using soils of five different sources as the habitat showed that the compost and habitat soil from the foot of a mountain was more suitable for survival of E.sinensis.The results provide scientific data for collecting,rearing and further research of E.sinensis.