基于主成分分析法的辽河水体中溶解性金属来源分析

Principal component analysis(PCA) for estimation the source of dissolvable metal in Liaohe River

在测定辽河水体中几种主要的溶解性金属(包括7种重金属)的含量和分析其空间分布特征的基础上,运用主成分分析(PCA)法分析了金属的可能来源。结果表明,辽河水体中溶解性金属的平均浓度为Al>Cu>Zn>Cr>Hg>As>Pb>Cd,与欧美发达国家的主要水体相比,辽河水体的金属污染状况总体较重;辽河水体中溶解性金属的污染来源主要分两类:农业面源和工业废水污染源,工业综合污染源;根据主成分得分系数可知,采样点2(通江口)、3(三合屯)、7(朱尔山)的金属污染主要来源于农业面源和工业废水污染源;采样点6(药王庙)的金属污染主要来源于工业综合污染源;基于PCA法的金属来源分析对辽河流域水体金属污染治理对策的制定有着重要的指导意义。

The content of dissolvable metals（including 7 heavy metals） and their spatial pattern in the Liaohe River,Liaoning were analyzed to estimate the sources of these metals base on principal component analysis（PCA）.The results showed that average contents of dissolved heavy metals in the Liaohe River was in the order of AlCuZnCrHgAsPbCd.Compared to some main waterbodies of Euramerican developed countries,the metal pollution in Liaohe River was serious.PCA analysis indicated that the agricultural runoff and industrial wastewater discharge,industrial integrated pollution were the 2 main sources of metal in Liaohe River.According to the score of main component,the metal source of sampling site 3,sampling site 2 and sampling site 7 was agricultural runoff and industrial wastewater discharge,and the metal source of sampling site 4 was industrial integrated pollution.The PCA based metal source estimation had provided the important guiding line for implementation of metal pollution preventive and countermeasures.