何为教师之专业：教师专业标准比较的视角

What is Teacher Profession:A Comparative Perspective of Teacher Professional Standards

为促进教师的专业发展与教育教学质量的提高,各国纷纷研制与修订教师专业标准。这些标准文件在一定高度上确认了教师专业的核心要素,为我们理解教师专业发展及其范畴提供了很有价值的信息。本研究发现,各种教师专业标准在以下方面达成了高度的共识:关于教师专业标准的范畴与领域——专业知识(应知)、专业技能/实践(会做)和专业品质(愿持);关于教师专业发展阶段的划分与要求——根据教师专业发展各个阶段的特质,为每个层次和水平的教师制定相应的标准;关于教师专业发展的核心领域——学会理解、尊重学生,致力于每一位学生的学习与成长;促进学生有效学习的教学实践技能;具有专业反思与终身学习的能力;养成专业合作的品质。

In order to promote teacher professional development and improve the quality of education and teaching, various countries developed and revised teacher professional standards. These documents clarified the core elements of teacher professional and provided valuable information for understanding teacher professional development and its category. This study finds that all kinds of teacher professional standards have reached a highly consensus on the following aspects. First, teacher professional standard category is divided into professional knowledge （ ＂should know＂ ）, professional skills/practice （ ＂can do＂ ） and professional quality （ ＂may hold＂ ）. Second, standards for teachers in each level are consistent with the characteristics of teacher professional development of each stage. Third, the core areas of teacher professional development consist of the commitment of promoting every student ＇s learning and development with the understanding and respect of students, teaching skills of promoting students＇ effective learning, capability of professional reflection and life - long learningand the quality of professional cooperation.