氮磷钾对桔梗生长及次生代谢产物的影响

Effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on the growth and secondary metabolites of Platycodon grandiflorum

通过田间试验,采用氮、磷、钾三因素二次D-饱和最优设计研究了氮、磷、钾肥及其配比施肥对桔梗(Platyc-odon grandiflorum)生长及次生代谢产物的影响。试验结果表明,施肥能显著提高桔梗药材产量,氮、磷、钾元素对桔梗药材产量影响依次为氮>钾>磷。氮、磷、钾元素对桔梗总皂苷含量影响依次为氮>钾>磷,对桔梗植株多糖含量影响依次为磷>氮>钾;氮、磷对黄酮积累表现出一定负效应。依据桔梗药材产量及总皂苷含量提出桔梗合理施肥方案为N 150kg.hm-2、P2O579.41kg.hm-2、K2O 225kg.hm-2。

Based on the D-saturation optimal design with three factors of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of fertilization with different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium ratios on the growth and effective ingredients of Platycodon grandiflorum.This study showed that the fertilization greatly increased the medicinal yield of P.grandiflorum.The contribution of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium to the medicinal yield was nitrogenpotassiumphosphorus.The effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium application on the content of platycodin was also following the pattern as nitrogenpotassiumphosphorus.The effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium application on the polysaccharide content was phosphorusnitrogenpotassium.Nevertheless,both nitrogen and phosphorus had a negative effect on the accumulation of total flavone in P.grandiflorum.In terms of the medicinal yield and the content of platycodin,the optimal fertilization combination was 150 kg·hm-2 N,79.41 kg·hm-2 P2O5 together with 225 kg·hm-2 K2O.