兔蛛网膜下腔出血后大脑深静脉的磁共振观察

MRI study of deep cerebral veins after subarachniod hemorrhage in rabbits

目的建立兔蛛网膜下腔出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage,SAH)模型,观察SAH后大脑深静脉管径的变化,为SAH后脑血管痉挛的发生及治疗提供新的理论依据。方法新西兰兔38只,随机分为SAH组(33只)和生理盐水(normal saline,NS)组(5只)。SAH组采用枕大池两次注血法制作SAH模型,NS组注入等量NS作为对照。SAH组18只、NS组2只兔行显微解剖、动物行为和神经功能观察,其余分别于造模前1 d、造模后5 d行MR颅脑扫描。结果显微解剖示兔脑干腹侧面、侧脑室、四叠体池等部位皆有明显积血。NS组大脑深静脉直径造模前、后差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。SAH组造模前大脑内静脉、基底静脉、大脑大静脉直径为(0.57±0.13)、(0.38±0.08)、(1.33±0.31)mm,造模后分别为(0.42±0.08)、(0.25±0.12)、(1.26±0.31)mm,其中大脑内静脉与基底静脉的直径与造模前比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论兔SAH后大脑深静脉可以发生不同程度的收缩痉挛。

Objective To build a model of subarachnoid hemorrhage（SAH） in rabbit and observe the changes of diameters of the deep cerebral veins after SAH,in order to provide a new theoretical basis for the occurrence and therapy of vasospasm after SAH.Methods A total of 38 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups： normal saline（NS） group（n=5）,and SAH group（n=33）.The SAH animals were made by infusing autologous arterial blood into the cisterna magna twice,and the NS group had saline instead of blood.The behavior and neurological function of animals in SAH group（4 rabbits） and in NS group（2 rabbits） were observed.Another 14 SAH rabbits were sacrificed and observed by microscopic anatomy.MR scan was performed 1 day before making model and 5 days after making model again in other rabbits.Results Microscopic anatomy showed that coagulated blood was obviously found around the ventral surface of brain stem,lateral ventricles and quadrigeminal cistern.In NS group,no statistical difference was found（P0.05） among the diameters of internal cerebral vein（ICV）,basilar vein（BV） and great cerebral vein（GV） before and after making model.In SAH group,the diameters of ICV,BV,GV were separately（0.57±0.13）mm,（0.38±0.08）mm,（1.33±0.31）mm before making model.However,the diameters of them were（0.42±0.08）mm,（0.25±0.12）mm,and（1.26±0.31）mm at 5 days after making model,which were significantly different compared to that at 0 day.Conclusions Various vasospasm of deep cerebral veins after SAH will be developed.