作为交往媒介的世界文学及其未来维度

The Future of World Literature as a Communicative Medium

世界文学是当代比较文学界的热门话题,本文尝试从卢曼的系统论立场,推进对该问题的反思。本文视世界文学为一种象征性地普遍化的交往媒介,由此出发,一方面叩问后殖民理论在世界文学讨论中扮演的角色,另一方面,分析了近年来德语区的比较文学和日尔曼学者对这个问题的两种典型反应及其潜在的暗示。在此基础上,本文对这个概念的深层意涵做出了新的诠释,将世界文学理解为一种不仅使民族文学间的沟通,还让一元和多元的互戏成为可能的宇宙主义交流系统,并尝试性地提出了一个中国式的世界文学交流模型和一种新的比喻方式。

World literature is a hot topic of contemporary comparative literature. This es- say attempts to explore this problem from the perspective of Luhmann＇s systems theory. Considering the world literature as a symbolically generalized communication media, this essay interrogates the role the postcolonial theory plays in the discussion of world literature and analyzes two typical responses of the German-speaking academic circles to this problem in recent years as well as their possible implications for us. Based on this survey, the au- thor intends to give a new interpretation of the concept ＂world literature＂. World literature is understood as a universalistic communication system which enables not only the commu- nication of national literatures, but also the interplay of the particular and the whole. Final- ly, this essay attempts to suggest a communication model of world literature with Chinese characteristics and a new kind of allegory for the concept.