怀旧之笔 艺术之镜——以《说吧,记忆》和《上海的风花雪月》为例

Nostalgic Writings: A Case Study of Speak,Memory and Wind,Flowers,Snow and the Moon of Shanghai

本文对跨文化语境中的两个怀旧文本——俄裔美国作家纳博科夫的回忆录《说吧,记忆》和旅美作家陈丹燕的文化随笔《上海的风花雪月》进行比较阅读,从怀旧与文化的关系切入,分析"文化的怀旧"与"怀旧的文化"两种怀旧文学表达的区别。笔者借助"怀旧之笔"和"艺术之镜"两个隐喻,观照怀旧书写与时间、记忆、空间、历史的纠缠关系,管窥纳博科夫和陈丹燕在价值标准和美学取向上的差异性选择。笔者认为,若只有集体无意识的"回望",没有个体有意识的"内视","回家"的价值目标就会落空,就会导致某种怀旧"传染病"。弥漫的"怀旧病"极有可能制造个体记忆和社会记忆的功能性障碍,使文化步入迷途。

The paper probes into nostalgic expression in Vladimir Nabokov＇s memoir Speak, Memory and Chen Danyan＇s prose Wind, Flowers, Snow and the Moon of Shanghai from a cross-cultural perspective. Proceeding from the distinction between ＂cultural nostalgia＂ and ＂nostalgic culture＂, the author examines how nostalgic writing is entangled with time, memory, space and history and how Nabokov and Chen Danyan make different choices in terms of value and aesthetics. Collective unconscious retrospection without individuals＇ conscious introspection, may very well result in a kind of ＂nostalgic epidemic＂ devoid of value target, which will then generate malfunctioning individual and social memory, thus leading our culture to go astray.