构建“中国学派”的观念困境:基于比较视野的分析

The Conceptual Difficulties with Building a “Chinese School”:A Comparative Perspective

构建"中国学派"的国际关系理论是一个歧见丛生、远未成型、前景未卜的话题。即便如此,对于其已经表现出来的具有较大影响的观念基础进行反思并不为时过早。通过从两个角度对"中国学派"背后所体现的观念进行比较,可以发现,"中国学派"面临的观念困境在于:如果我们批判西方作为深层差异之外在表现成果的国际关系理论,是否会株连到该内核的其他优势方面?在主张中国观念价值的同时,如何避免其潜在的弊端与危害?在中国社会改革持续深入的背景下,只有在社会改革的进程中实现了文化、文明和思想层面的崛起及民族精神革新之后,才能为国际关系理论的"中国学派"提供思想的活水源头。换言之,对理论的建构者而言,与其循着西方国际关系理论的弊端而思考建构理论,不如立足于思考中国民众所面临的问题——关于如何塑造强大的积极的个体、如何保持民族持续的发展和进步,进而思考我们理想的世界是什么样的。这些问题虽然看起来与国际关系理论相去稍远,但却能够保证理论应用的品质及其价值维度。

There are still a wide range of points of view and much uncer- tainty when it comes to the issue of constructing a ＂Chinese School＂ of international relations theory. Even though this is the case, it is not too early to critically review the relatively influential key concepts that have emerged around a ＂Chinese School＂. Based on a comparison of two perspectives on concepts underlying the ＂Chinese School＂, We find the main conceptual difficulties faced by the School are： If we criticize Western International Relations Theory as having a deep gap in terms of its practical application, do we risk undermining the core advantages of the theory？ As we advocate for Chinese concepts and values, how do we avoid their potential disadvantages and pit- falls？ As Chinese social reforms continue to go deeper, it will only be after the process of reforms exhibits a rise in culture, civilization and thinking and once there is a revitalization of the national spirit that a ＂Chinese School＂ will be able to provide a source of inspiration to international relations theory. In other words, for those constructing theories, rather than considering the drawbacks of Western international relations theory to construct a new theory, it might be better to consider the problems currently faced by the Chinese people-how to build a strong and positive state, how to maintain the development and progress of the Chinese nation, and then to think about what the ideal world might look like for us.