基于生物标志物指数法的海洋环境评价方法综述

Marine environmental assessment approaches based on biomarker index:A review

生物标志物对化学污染物具有"早期预警"功能,在海洋环境评价中应用广泛.以生物标志物为基础的综合指数能够整合多种标志物对环境状况的响应,因而成为评价环境质量的有用工具.这些综合指数方法包括多生物标志物污染指数(MPI)、综合生物标志物响应指数(IBR)、生物效应评价指数(BAI)、生物标志物响应指数(BRI)、健康状态指数(HIS)等.本文从生物标志物指标体系确定、综合指数计算方法、污染程度分级、应用效果等方面对这些评价方法进行综述,并对基于生物标志物指数的海洋环境评价方法存在的问题和改进建议进行了探讨.

Biomarkers are applied worldwide in marine environmental assessment due to their ＂early warning＂ function to chemical pollutants.Several integrative index approaches such as multi-marker pollution index（MPI）,integrated biomarker response（IBR）,bioeffect assessment index（BAI）,biomarker response index（BRI）,and health assessment index（HIS）,have been developed based on biomarkers.By transforming the complex alterations of biomarkers into a single class or value,these approaches have been so far the useful tools for assessing the environmental quality.This review summarized the establishment of evaluation indicator system,the calculation of integrative index,the grading of pollution status,and the practical applications of each approach,and discussed the existing problems in marine environmental assessment based on biomarker index.Some improving suggestions were also proposed.