中小型制造企业创新特征分析:基于德阳企业调查数据

Characteristics of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises' Innovation:Evidence from Survey on Deyang Municipality's Enterprises

本文利用2009年四川德阳地区地震灾后中小型企业调查数据,从产业、所有制及企业规模等角度系统地考察了当地中小型企业的创新特征,并分析了其中存在的主要问题。我们发现,企业的平均专利数量及专利结构具有明显的产业异质性,在考虑专利申请的集中度后,产业的专利密度与研发密度呈现负相关性;各种不同所有制企业在创新动力、创新类型与创新的信息来源方面存在显著差异;发明专利密度与企业规模呈倒U形关系,而实用新型及外观设计专利密度随企业规模的增大而减小;政府研发资助存在选择效应,规模较大的企业更有可能获得政府的创新扶持。本文突破既有研究的数据限制,为我国中小型企业在创新模式转变中的差异性提供了证据,并为政府相应的创新扶持政策提供了借鉴。

This paper uses 2009 Deyang post-quake small and medium-size enterprise（SME） survey data to explore the characteristics of SME innovation activities in terms of industry heterogeneity,firm ownership and enterprise scale.We find that significant difference exists in technology appropriability and patent structure among different industries,after controlling for patent application intensity,an industry＇s patent density is negatively correlated to its RD intensity;Firms with different ownership structure display significant variation in the motivation,type and information source of technology innovation;Firm size has an inverted U shaped relationship with the invention patent density,and it has a downward sloping relationship with the density of the utility model patent and design patent;Government＇s RD support is highly selective,and the larger firms have a better chance of obtaining such benefit.Our study is a meaningful contribution to the literature on China＇s SME innovation,and it provides important policy implications on fostering the enterprises innovation of different types.