国外引进鸭茅种质形态变异研究

Morphologic Variation of Imported Dactylis glomerata

鸭茅(Dactylis glomerata L.)是在世界范围内广泛栽培种植的一种重要禾本科牧草,具有高产、优质、抗逆性较强等特点。以84份国外引进鸭茅种质为研究对象,对其11个形态学性状进行研究分析,旨在为筛选优良鸭茅种质提供依据。结果表明:不同种质鸭茅的植物形态学特征存在广泛变异,其中以小穗数变异最大,小花数、茎粗次之,而叶宽变异最小。变异系数与主成分分析结果显示,小穗数、小花数、株高和内稃长4个性状是造成鸭茅表型差异的主要因素。以11个形态性状为基础的聚类分析可将所研究的84份材料分为3类,每一类都由不同地域来源的鸭茅构成,表明鸭茅种质资源的多样性由品种间基因型不同所致。

Dactylis glomerata L.is an important forage grass and is widely cultivated internationally due to high forage yield,good quality and stresses tolerance.Eleven morphologic variations of 84 wild D.glomerata accessions were studied in this report showing extensive morphological variations.The most significant variance was in the number of spikelets per panicle,followed by the number of florets per spikelet and internode diameter,while the least variance in leaf breadth.Meanwhile,coefficient of variation and principal component analysis showed that four characters including the number of spikelets per panicle,the number of florets per spikelet,plant height and palea length are mainly factors which produced morphological variation of D.glomerata.Based on the morphological traits,cluster analysis showed that all 84 tested D.glomerata accessions were classified into 3 groups.