血液透析中应用永久性深静脉留置导管的效果评价及护理

Evaluation of application effect of permanent deep venous catheter in hemodialysis and nursing

目的探讨避免应用永久性深静脉留置导管的效果并归纳临床护理方案。方法选取2007年1月至2009年2月入住我院并进行维持性血液透析患者28例，随机分为观察组和对照组各14例。2组均采用永久性深静脉留置导管的透析方法，对照组患者仅采取常规护理，观察组采取针对性护理干预。血液透析治疗后对2组患者的感染例数、发生血栓栓塞例数等指标进行比较。结果所有患者均一次性置管成功，观察组的血栓栓塞率、感染率及导管脱落发生率均明显低于对照组，但导管平均留置时间2组间无显著差异。结论在血液透析中应用永久性深静脉留置导管效果较好，辅以精心的护理，可减少并发症的发生，值得推广应用。

Objective To investigate the nursing scheme to prevent infection, thrombembolism, accidental shedding during application of permanent deep venous catheter in hemodialysis. Methods 28 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis from January 2007 to February 2009 were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 14 patients in each group. The control group took conventional care only, the observation group was given pertinent nursing intervention. After treatment the number of patients with infection and thromboembolism were compared in both groups. Results All patients were successfully placed catheters. Number of patients with infection, thromboembolism and accidental shedding in the observation group were less than those in the control group. But there was no significant difference in average indwelling time of catheters between two groups. Conclusions Application of permanent deep venous catheter in hemodialysis shows good effect, it can decrease the incidence of complication and should be widely applied.