社区随访干预对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响

Effects of Community Follow-up Intervention on Quality of Life of Patients with Schizophrenia

目的探讨社区随访干预对精神分裂症患者生活质量和社会功能康复的影响。方法将出院的精神分裂症患者152例随机分成干预组和对照组,对干预组患者及其家属、社区居民实施群体随访干预和个别指导,对照组针对患者个体给予一般健康指导,共干预1年。采用家庭关怀度指数问卷(APGAR)、社会功能缺陷量表(SDSS)和生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOL I-74)对干预效果进行评定。结果实施社区随访干预后,干预组患者的社会功能缺陷程度明显降低,与干预前及两组间比较,均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。患者得到较多的家庭、社会支持,家庭社会关怀度显著提高(P<0.05)。患者生活质量与家庭社会支持度的相关性分析,除物质生活维度,其余3个维度即躯体功能(r=0.37,P<0.01)、心理功能(r=0.35,P<0.01)、社会功能(r=0.27,P<0.05)均与家庭社会关怀度呈正相关。患者生活质量明显提高。结论社区随访干预可有效提高精神分裂症患者的生活质量和社会功能。

Objective To explore the effects of community follow-up intervention on quality of life and rehabilitation of social function of patients with schizophrenia.Methods A total of 152 patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into study group and control group for the study of 1 year.The patients of study group,their families and community residents were given follow-up intervention and individual guidance.While the patients of control group were only given general health guidance.All patients were assessed with Family APGAR Index,Social Disability Screening Schedule（SDSS） and General Quality of Life Inventory（GQOLI-74）.Results After follow-up intervention,social disability in study group significantly reduced,there were significant differences between two groups or before and after invention.The patients of study group had more family and social support,thus family and social care significantly increased.The scores of physical function,psychological function and social function had significantly positive correlation with family and social care.Patients of study group significantly improved quality of life.Conclusion Community follow-up intervention can effectively improve quality of life and social function of patients with schizophrenia.