大学生归因方式与人格特质及父母教养方式的相关研究

The Correlations between College Students' Attribution Style,Personality Trait and Parental Authority

目的探讨大学生归因方式与父母教养方式及自身人格特质三者之间的关系。方法以某高校161名大一到大三学生为被试,对其归因方式、人格特质及父母教养方式进行问卷调查。结果①大学生人格特质中精神质分数越高其归因总分越低(r=-0.215,P<0.01),外倾性分数越高其归因总分越高(r=0.180,P<0.05),神经质分数越高其内控归因的分数越高(r=0.284,P<0.01);②父母的惩罚严厉等因子分越高其大学生归因总分越高(r=0.176,0.165,P<0.05;r=0.271,0.241,P<0.01;r=0.280,P<0.001);③父母感情温暖理解因子分越高其大学生人格特质中的精神质、神经质的分数越低(r=-0.160,P<0.05;r=-0.263,-0.264,-0.240,P<0.01),其外倾性分数越高(r=0.199,P<0.05;r=0.230,P<0.01);父母惩罚严厉、拒绝否认因子分越高其大学生人格特质中精神质和神经质分数越高(r=0.197,0.178,P<0.05;r=0.257,0.208.0.268,0.267,0.299,P<0.01)。结论大学生倾性人格特质及父母的惩罚严厉、过度干涉、拒绝否认等教养方式易形成外控型归因方式,而高精神质的人格特质易形成内控型归因方式。

Objective To explore the relationships between college students attribution style,personality traits and parental authority.Methods A total of 161 college students from freshmen to junior were selected to make a survey on their attribution style,personality trait and parental authority by questionnaires.Results ①College students＇ psychoticism had a significantly negative correlation with their external controlled attribution（r=-0.215,P0.01）,extraversion had a significantly positive correlation with external controlled attribution（r=0.180,P0.05）,neuroticism had a significantly positive correlation with internal controlled attribution（r=0.284,P0.01）.②Parents＇ punishment and severity had significantly positive correlations with college students＇ external controlled attribution（r=0.176,0.165,P0.05;r=0.271,0.241,P0.01;r=0.280,P0.001）.③ Parental warmth and understanding had significantly negative correlations with college students＇ psychoticism and neuroticism（r=-0.160,P0.05;r=-0.263,-0.264,-0.240,P0.01）,and had a significantly positive correlation with extraversion（r=0.199,P0.05;r=0.230,P0.01）;Parents＇ punishment and severity.etc.had significantly positive correlations with college students＇ psychoticism and neuroticism（r=0.197,0.178,P0.05;r=0.257,0.208,0.268,0.267,0.299,P0.01）.Conclusion College students＇ personality trait and parental authority affect them to form different attribution styles.