少数民族大学生症状自评量表(SCL-90)测量研究定性及定量分析

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis on SCL-90 of Minority Undergraduates

目的通过定性定量综述近5年少数民族大学生SCL-90的测量结果,分析少数民族聚集地区少数民族大学生心理健康特点。方法通过查阅文献及比较获得少数民族大学生SCL-90结果的定性描述,通过M eta分析获得SCL-90测量数据的定量结果。结果①定性结果:少数民族大学生心理轻度异常在15%～35%之间,中重度异常在7%～16%之间,少数民族同汉族大学生一样,最常见的心理异常症状为强迫、人际敏感和抑郁;影响少数民族大学生心理健康的因素一般分析性别、族别等因素,一般认为在SCL-90的大部分因子上,女生差于男生,少数民族要差于汉族;和常模比较,认为少数民族大学生心理健康状况要差于同龄人(常模);②定量结果:少数民族与汉族间比较M eta分析结果除强迫因子效果量为0.51大于0.2外,其余因子效果量均在0.03～0.07之间(P>0.05),即尚不能认为两个组别间有显著性差异;和常模比较M eta分析,结果所有因子效果量在0.28～0.70之间(P<0.05),即组别间有显著差异,少数民族大学生心理健康状况要差于国内同龄人;少数民族男女比较M eta分析各因子效果量均小于0.2(P>0.05),即不能认为女生心理显著差于男生。结论少数民族大学生群体中有一定比例的心理异常学生,他们最常见的心理异常症状为强迫、人际敏感和抑郁,少数民族大学生心理健康差于国内同龄人。

Objective By qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing the SCL-90 measure results of minority undergraduates in recent 5 years,to explore the characteristics of mental health of minority undergraduates in minority gathering areas.Method By researching relative materials and making comparisons,to obtain qualitative description of SCL-90 results,and acquire SCL-90 measure results via Meta Analysis.Results ①Psychological abnormal ratio of minority undergraduates：Minor abnormality ranged from 15% to 35%;major abnormality ranged from 7% to 16%.The common psychological abnormalities of minority undergraduates were obsessive-compulsive,interpersonal sensitivity and depression,which were the same as non-minority undergraduates.The influencing factors of minority undergraduates＇ mental health included sex,race,etc.It was commonly believed that,in most factors of SCL-90,males scored higher than females,non-minority scored higher than minorities.The mental health of minority undergraduates was worse than the norm（peers at the same age）.②Meta analysis showed that all factors ranged from 0.03 to 0.07（P0.05）,except that obsessive-compulsive factor was 0.51 which exceeded 0.2.That was to say,the conclusion of significant difference could not be drawn.Meta analysis results of norms comparison illustrated that the effective variables of all factors ranged from 0.28 to 0.70（P0.05）,which meant significant difference.In other words,the mental health conditions of minority undergraduates were worse than those of domestic peers.Meta analysis compared minority males and females,and found out that all factors of the two groups were below 0.2（P0.05）,which proved that the psychological condition of female was by no means worse than that of male.Conclusion Psychological abnormal students take up a certain proportion in minority undergraduates.The most common psychological abnormalities are obsessive-compulsive,interpersonal sensitivity and depression.Minority undergraduates have worse mental health than those of domestic peers.