环保标识与区域性可持续发展评估

Environmental Labeling and Regional Sustainability Impact Assessment

从“商品环境影响评估”的角度 ,探讨环境标识与可持续发展的因果关系。世界各地现已因应环保法例及商品的市场需求 ,循“品质圈”的模式革新产品。虽然生命周期评价 (LCA)是环保标识的重要支柱 ,可惜迄今对LCA的研究仍未能与EIA等量齐观。建议EIA应与LCA和环境标识结合 ,扩大至商品环境影响评估的范畴 ,评估并需强化它在环境安全与健康、资源运用、公众咨询、环境管理和审核 (EM&A)、环境补偿和生态修复等重要领域的工作 ,确立它在区域性可持续发展中的战略作用。文章以香港为例案 ,探讨推动环境标识所面对的困难和解决方案。

The relationship between environmental labeling and regional sustainability was discussed. It is argued that environmental labeling and Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) should be combined and extended to form commercial product environmental impact assessment. It is necessary to extend the existing coverage of environmental labeling to include aspects of materials consumption, product design, environmental health and safety, public consultation, environmental management and audit, mitigation and ecological restoration. A survey on the issues of implementing environmental labels in Hong Kong is reported and discussed. It is concluded that environmental labels and commercial product-EIA are the crucial factors for sustainable development in the Pearl River Delta as well as the whole China.