2010年全国医疗机构中死亡的5岁以下儿童死因分析

Analysis on the cause of death for children under 5 in hospitals from national death causes reporting system in 2010 in China

目的了解2010年全国死因登记报告系统中,医疗机构内的5岁以下儿童死亡特征,提供减少医疗机构内5岁以下儿童死亡的建议。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息平台导出医疗机构内死亡日期为2010年的5岁以下儿童死亡记录共39421条,分析其年龄性别构成、死因构成等指标。结果在5岁以下儿童死亡中,男孩占62.26%,1岁以下占75.67%。最高诊断依据大多数是单纯临床诊断,占53.79%;其次是临床+理化诊断,占40.37%。医疗机构内居于前5位的死因分别为围生期疾病(38.25%)、呼吸系统疾病(15.41%)、先天畸形/变形和染色体异常(14.94%)、传染病和寄生虫病(8.37%)及意外伤害(7.72%)。结论降低医疗机构内5岁以下儿童死亡,提高医疗质量,需要关注居于前几位的疾病,采取适当措施,以减少5岁以下儿童的死亡。

Objective To analysis on the cause of death for children under 5 in hospitals from national death causes reporting system in 2010 in China, and to give some advices on decreasing the children death in hospitals. MethodsData shown in this report were based on national death caused reporting system on the information platform of Chinese center for disease control and prevention. The data of 39421 death children under 5 in hospitals in 2010 were derived. The proportion of age gender and the cause of death were analyzed. Results The proportion of infant was 75.67% and the proportion of boys was 62.26% among the death children under 5. The most of the highest degree of diagnosis was clinical diagnosis and the second was clinical and laboratory diagnosis. The leading 5 causes of death were certain conditions originating in the perinatal period （38.25%）, diseases of the respiratory system （15.41%）, congenital malformations, deformations, and chromosomal abnormalities （14.94%）, infectious and parasitic diseases （8.37%） and accidental death （7.72%）. Conclusions The leading causes of death should be paid more attention and appropriate measures were taken in order to decrease the children death under 5 in hospitals.