广西贵港市病毒性脑炎流行病学监测研究

Epidemiologic study on viral encephalitis in Guigang City of Guangxi

目的了解广西流行性乙型脑炎高发区贵港市病毒性脑炎发病强度、病原谱和流行病学特征,为病毒性脑炎的临床诊疗和预防控制提供依据。方法选择广西流行性乙型脑炎高发区贵港市为项目监测点,建立涵盖两市一县所有12所县级以上医院组成的急性脑炎和脑膜炎监测网络,按疾病筛检标准选择并评估疑似病例,进行流行病学调查和采样,对标本开展常见病毒性脑炎的IgM ELISA检测,应用Epi Info2002进行统计分析。结果贵港市2007年5月至2008年4月实验室确诊的病毒性脑炎年平均发病率为6.42/10万,乙脑病毒、肠道病毒、腮腺炎病毒为主要病原,流行高峰为夏秋季,10岁以下散居儿童和学生为高发人群。结论贵港市实验室诊断的病毒性脑炎的年发病率为6.42/10万,夏秋季多发,10岁以下散居儿童和学生为高发人群,乙脑病毒、肠道病毒和腮腺炎病毒为病毒性脑炎的主要病原。

Objective To understand the incidence rate,etiologic agents and epidemiologic features of viral encephalitis in Guigang City of Guangxi.Methods A surveillance system was conducted to evaluate the people with signs and symptoms of viral encephalitis in the epidemic district of Guangxi Guigang City.Twelve hospitals above county level in the surveillance area were structured to participate in the case referral and evaluation.Blood specimens and cerebrospinal fluid（CSF） were obtained and determined using standardized ELISA methods.Results During the surveillance period from May 2007 to April 2008,the incidence rate of viral encephalitis was 6.42/100 000,JE virus,enteroviruses and mumps viruses were the leading pathogens.The epidemic peak was observed in summer and autumn,most cases were children and pupil under 10 years old.Conclusion In summer and autumn,in the viral encephalitis epidemic district of Guangxi,JE virus,enteroviruses and mumps viruses are the leading pathogens,the children and pupil under 10 years old are the high risk population.