领导者作用与全球气候治理的发展

Leadership and the Dynamics of Global Governance of Climate Change

为什么一些国家选择在气候治理中承担领导者角色,而另一些国家没有?大国领导对于气候治理的国际集体行动意味着什么?本文认为,传统集体行动理论没有突出、甚至忽视了领导者的作用,也缺乏对领导者提供选择性激励的利益分析。而领导者通过自利型的非中性制度设计,在推动集体行动过程中发挥着重要作用。通过对霸权稳定论命题的理论再思考,本文以气候变化问题为例重新发现了领导者作用对于集体行动理论的意义,并以此框架分析了欧盟、美国、中国等主要博弈方在气候议题上发挥的作用,并展望了全球气候治理的未来方向。

Why do some nations choose to play the leading role in climate governance while others do not？ What does leadership mean for collective actions in climate governance？ This paper holds that traditional theory of col- lective action does not emphasize and even neglect the role of leadership. Nor does this theory analyze the bene- fit the leaders may be provided as selective incentives. The self- interest motivated leaders played key roles in collective actions by non -neutral institution design. By rethinking the Theory of Hegemony Stability with em- pirical study in international cooperation against climate change, this paper rediscovered the role of leadership in collective action theory. This paper further analyzes and compares the leadership roles of EU, USA and China in climate issue, and forecasts the future of international cooperation for climate governance.