钢筋混凝土桁架的设计与应用

Design and application of reinforced concrete truss

由于影剧院、礼堂等建筑的台口跨度较大,普通钢筋混凝土台口梁的强度、裂缝和挠度很难满足设计要求,利用舞台与观众厅之间的空间设置钢筋混凝土桁架,能有效解决台口跨度大造成的结构难题。结合两个工程设计实例,论述了采用SATWE计算软件对含有钢筋混凝土桁架的结构进行整体分析的合理性和适用性;给出了建立计算模型时桁架的弦杆、腹杆、斜杆以及楼板采用的计算单元;分析了桁架端部斜杆设置、弦杆断面、腹杆间距等因素对桁架内力分布的影响;提出了设计中应采取的构造措施和施工工艺。

The strength,crack and deflection of common reinforced concrete beams can hardly meet the design requirement because the proscenium opening span of cinema and auditorium buildings is large.Reinforced concrete truss which is located in the space between stage and audience hall can effectively solve the structure problem caused by large span of proscenium opening.Based on two practical engineerings,the rationality and applicability of total analyses by SATWE of the structure with reinforced concrete truss were discussed.The computation elements of chord member,web member,diagonal member and slab adopted in the computation model were given.The truss internal force distribution influenced by diagonal member setting in truss ends,chord member section and web member space was analyzed.The details of construction measures and construction technology in design were proposed.