1,2,4-三氯苯对斑马鱼生殖和胚胎发育毒性效应

Reproduction and embryonic development toxicity of 1,2,4-TCB on zebrafish embryos

采用斑马鱼胚胎早期发育技术研究了1,2,4-三氯苯(1,2,4-TCB)对成年斑马鱼(Danio retio)和斑马鱼受精卵染毒后胚胎生命早期阶段生长发育的影响.结果发现,大于5mg/L剂量的1,2,4-TCB有明显发育毒性,会导致胚胎致畸,引起胚胎凝集或死亡.1,2,4-TCB对成年斑马鱼和斑马鱼受精卵染毒后,胚胎的致死率均与1,2,4-TCB处理之间呈现时间-效应和剂量-效应关系.高浓度的(15 mg/L)1,2,4-TCB对成年斑马鱼的染毒,其平均产卵量和受精率均降低.成年斑马鱼或者受精卵接触1,2,4-TCB后,胚胎发育中典型的非致死效应—心包囊水肿和脊柱畸形的比例均随着1,2,4-TCB的浓度升高而逐渐升高.同浓度1,2,4-TCB处理后,斑马鱼胚胎直接染毒造成的非致死毒性效应更强.结果表明,水体中残留的1,2,4-TCB对于鱼类的生殖和发育具有潜在的危害.

The reproduction and embryonic development toxicities of 1,2,4-TCB on zebrafish embryos were examined using a zebrafish embryo test.The results showed that 1,2,4-TCB presented remarkably toxicity effects on zebrafish embryos and larve.High concentration of 1,2,4-TCB（5mg/L） showed toxic effects to embryo development,which caused the embryo abnormality,embryo aggregation and death.The embryo lethality rates were increased by 1,2,4-TCB exposure in the time-response manners and concentration-dependent ways for both adult zebrafish exposure groups and fertilized eggs exposure groups.Exposure to higher concentration of 1,2,4-TCB（15mg/L） for the adult zebrafish,the amounts of spawns and fertilization rates were decreased,and the offspring embryo lethality rates were lower than the fertilized eggs exposure groups.The ratios of typical embryo abnormality— pericardial edema and axial malformation for zebrafish embryos exposure to 1.2.4-TCB were increased with the treated concentrations.The non-lethal embryo abnormality rates in fertilized eggs exposure groups were higher than that in the adult zebrafish exposure groups at the same concentrations of 1,2,4-TCB exposure.The results indicated that 1,2,4-TCB residue in water would have potential hazard to the fish reproduction and development of fish.