睾酮对钙离子通道和心脏功能的影响

Effect of testosterone on calcium channels and cardiac function

睾酮对人体的全身代谢、心脏的生理和病理均有着重要的影响。较高浓度的睾酮或其慢性作用可以提高T型、L型钙离子通道的密度,较低浓度或急性作用可以阻滞T型、L型钙离子通道,缩短男性Q-Tc间期,提高对胰岛素的敏感性及改善血脂代谢。睾酮可上调钙调节蛋白、β2受体的表达,在提高细胞内钙离子浓度的情况下,可增加钙瞬变的幅度,减少钙超载。一定浓度的睾酮可以维持血管的一定张力,改善心脏传导或扩张冠脉;减少胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征的发生,改善心肌缺血、减少心肌细胞凋亡及纤维化,保护心脏,改善心脏收缩舒张效率。

Testosterone has important effects on human body metabolism, physiology and cardiac pathology. Higher concentrations of testosterone or its chronic effects can increase T- and L-type calcium channel density and lower concentrations or acute effects can block T- and L-type calcium channels, reduce male Q-Tc period and improve sensitivity to insulin and lipid metabolism. Testosterone can increase calcium regulatory proteins and expression of beta-2 receptor, enhance calcium transit rate and reduce calcium overload in case of increase of intracellular calcium concentration. Appropriate concentration of testoster- one can sustain a certain vascular tension, improve cardiac conduction or dilate coronary arteries, reduce insulin resistance and incidence of metabolic syndrome, improve myocardial ischemia, reduce apoptosis and myocardial cell fibrosis, protect the heart and enhance cardiac diastolic efficiency.