正十八硫醇的合成反应动力学研究

Kinetic Study on Synthesis of n-Octadecanethiol

以硫脲和氯代十八烷为原料合成正十八硫醇,在均相反应条件下,开展了其合成反应动力学研究,建立了第一步的反应动力学模型,测得表观反应级数为一级,化学反应动力学方程可表示为rA=-dcA/dt=4.602×1013exp(-13 464.27/T)cA,反应的表观活化能Ea=111.95 kJ/mol,介于一般化学反应活化能40～400 kJ/mol之间,属于化学反应控制过程;并对提出的动力学模型进行了实验验证,结果表明模型可信.

Kinetics for synthesizing n-octadecanethiol from 1-chlorooctadecane and thiourea was studied.The reaction kinetic model of first process was investigated in the condition of homogeneous reaction.It was a first order reaction and the kinetics equation was written as rA=-dcA/dt =4.602×10exp（-13 464.27/T）cA,the activation energy was determined to be 111.95 kJ/mol in the Arrhenius equation,the reaction of synthesizing n-octadecanethiol belonged to control production of chemical reaction because the apparent activation energy was in the range of 40～400 kJ/mol.Finally,the kinetic model was tested and verified by experiments.The example systems demonstrated the validity and rationality of the method.