吉兰-巴雷综合征发病机制研究进展

Progress in pathogenesis of Guillain-Barré syndrome

吉兰-巴雷综合征是临床常见的急性炎性周围神经病,在我国发病率较高。主要分为急性炎性脱髓鞘性多发神经根神经病、急性运动轴索性神经病、急性运动感觉轴索性神经病及Miller Fisher综合征等亚型。近年对吉兰-巴雷综合征主要亚型的发病机制已有更深入的研究。

Guillain-Barre syndrome （GBS） is an acute inflammatory disorder of the peripheral nervous system and consists of at least four subtypes of acute peripheral neuropathy namely, acute inflammatroy demyelinating polyneuropathy, acute motor axonal neuropathy, acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy, and Miller-Fisher syndrome. Major advances have been made in the understanding of the mechanism of some subtypes. GBS is thought to be due to autoimmunity for which immunotherapy is usually prescribed. About 20% patients died or had persistent disability despite normative immunotherapy. More research is needed to identify better treatment regimens and new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarized the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment of the principal subtypes.