对护士家属关于护士从事临床基础护理认知的调查

Investigation of nurses＇ families cognition on the nurse engaging in clinical fundamental nursing

目的了解护士家属对护士从事临床基础护理的认知情况，分析其影响因素并探讨干预对策。方法选取462名临床一线护士家属为研究对象，采用自设问卷调查家属对护士从事基础护理的认知情况，分析其影响因素。结果在对基础护理重要性认知各条目中，462名家属的最高了解率不足20％，仅有13．85％的家属了解基础护理是护士的重要职责，97．83％的家属不了解《住院患者基础护理服务项目》内容；93．07％的家属不赞同自己的亲人从事基础护理工作；95％以上的家属希望护士从事静脉输液、氧气吸入等治疗性护理操作，而100％的家属不希望护士做协助排泄与处理大小便的工作；男性家属对护士从事基础护理的认知程度得分（45．60±7．32）分高于女性家属（39．85±5．10）分，差异具有统计学意义（t=9．80，P〈0．01）；与护士不同关系的家属对护士从事基础护理的认知程度，差异具有统计学意义（F=7．82，P〈0．01）。结论护士家属对护士从事临床基础护理认知偏颇，态度消极。应加大宣传教育力度与广度，重视家庭对护士的教育与影响作用，关心护士家属的教育与修养，提高护士待遇，促使家属以积极的态度从正面去影响护士的职业态度，激发护士对从事基础护理的热情。

Objective To study the cognitive situation of nurses＇ families about the nurse engaging in clinical fundamental nursing and analyse the influencing factors, so as to explore relative intervention measures. Methods Totals of 462 clinical nurses＇ families were investigated with self-designed questionnaire about the cognition of nurse engaging in clinical fundamental nursing. Results Among 462 nurses＇ families, the rate of families understanding the importance of basic care was less than 20% and only 13.85% families believed that basic care was one of important responsibilities for nurses. The rate of nurses＇ families blinding to ＇ clinical fundamental nursing terms for patients in hospital＇ was 97.83% and disagreeed their families to engage in basic nursing was 93. 07%. More than 95% families hoped their nurses to engage nursing operations such as intravenous fluids, oxygen inhalation and so on. No nurses＇ family likes nurses to assist or treat for patients＇ excretion. The score of male families cognition for nurses engaging in fundamental nursing was （45.60 ± 7.32 ） , higher than that of female（ 39.85 ± 5.10 ）, and the difference was statistically significant（ t = 9. 80, P 〈 0. 01 ）. There were significant differences on the cognitive degree in families with different relation to nurses（ F = 7.82, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions The nurses＇ families cognitive degree of nurses engaging in clinical fundamental nursing is not only low but also negative. So, it is important to pay attention on the nurses families＇ education and moral cultivation and its influencing on nurses and enhance publicity and education to promoting nurses families positively face and influence nurses profession, improve nurses working treatment in order to increase their enthusiasm for clinical basic nursing.