《文心雕龙》的不纯粹语境观与动态语境观

"Impure Context" and "Dynamic Context" of Wenxin Diaolong

以往对《文心雕龙》语境思想的研究多关注其语境适应论和静态语境的构成要素,但不可否认的是,刘勰的语境思想是多维的而非单一的。在关注其语境适应论即纯粹语境观的同时应该结合《诏策第十九》和《谐隐第十五》等篇发掘其不纯粹语境观,即文化语境变异观。刘勰的动态语境观既指语境是语用过程中的动态变量,又指语境构成因素的情境变异;既指语用主体对言语交际诸因素综合体的认知状态,又指言语交际中主体客体交融过程中的语用综观。

The contextual thoughts of Wenxin Diaolong comprise combinational pattern and global outlook.The latter is featured by comprehensiveness,that is,'context + impure context' and 'static context + dynamic context'.The conception of 'impure context' is due to his unswerving persistence in pursuing the Saint and abiding by the Scriptures while the dynamic context refers not only to the variables in the course of language use but to the situational deviance of the contextual components and its pragmatic effect,not only to show the language user the synthesis of factors involved in language communication but to the winning combination of subject and object during language use.