果树地下滴灌灌水技术田间试验研究

Field test of apple orchard subsurface irrigation techniques

采用正交试验方法,探讨了不同埋深、孔径、孔距、防堵套长度的简易地下滴灌在定压供水条件下渗水量、管道水压分布和土壤水分入渗规律。结果表明,滴水管的出水量随时间呈幂函数下降,单孔出水量随孔径和孔距的增大而显著增大;地下滴灌的灌水均匀度随孔径的增大、孔距的减小而降低;地下滴灌的土壤入渗宽度随孔径的增大、孔距的减小、埋深的减小而增大,入渗深度则相反;对渭北旱塬地区,现行的果树简易地下滴灌的管道埋深、孔径、孔距应分别为40cm,0.9mm,60～80cm。

An experiment was conducted to investigate infiltration flux,water pressure distribution on pipe and soil water infiltration distribution of simple subsurface drip irrigation under variable buried depth,pore size,distance between pores of pipe with orthogonal test method.The results showed that:infiltration flux decreased as power function of infiltration time;single pore flux increaseed significently as well as pore size increased and distance of pores increased;irrigation uniformity became lower with greater pore size and shorter distance between pores;wet width of subsurface drip irrigation increased with greater pore size,shorter distance between pores,lower depth of pipe line,as a contrast with wet depth.It is suggested that,the depth,pore size and distance of pore of simple subsurface drip irrigation in Weibei Plateau orchard is 40 cm,0.9 mm and 60-80 cm.