铁路车辆走行安全问题的理论探讨

Theoretical Discussion on Running Safety Question of Railway Vehicles

铁路车辆的走行安全问题是头等大事,影响车辆走行安全的因素很多,但归纳为三个方面:一是铁路线路问题,二是车辆本身问题,三是人为因素,应用Nadal公式从理论上加以探讨车辆走行安全问题,车轮爬上、滑上或跳上钢轨脱线的根本原因是作用在车轮上的侧向力超过安全限度,这个限度用容许的脱轨系数表示。文中从理论上分析了侧向力与线路、车辆振动、车辆速度、调速设备等方面的关系,并提出了轮荷重、车轮的轮缘角、避开距离、摩擦系数等技术参数对车辆走行安全的影响。

The railway vehicles running safety is a priority, many factors affect the running safety of vehicle, it can be summarized into three aspects： the first is railway line, the second is the vehicle itself, the third is human factors, and it points out the infection of wheel load, wheel flange angle, to avoid the distance, the friction coefficient, and other technical parameters to the running safety of vehicle.