耥坑保水中耕法及其结果初步分析

A New Intertillage Method——Tangkeng (Pit-furrow) for Water-soil Conservation and Its Result Analysis

本耕作方法主要适用于北方旱田,特别是山坡地。一般大田耕作方法都是起垄种植,耪地过后不久就要耥地—用犁杖将两条垄之间耥上垄沟,同时为庄稼培土。其最大缺点是:短时间急速降雨会顺着垄沟流走,既不能保证农田有足够水分,又导致大量土壤侵蚀。经过多年观察,文章第一作者发明了耥坑保水法:在耥地的同时让垄沟变成一个个密集的小坑,相当于在农田中修筑了无数微型水库,有利于最大限度保持水土。该法改变了上千年的耕作传统,明显提高粮食产量,减少水土流失,并有利于保护环境,减少洪灾,值得大面积推广。

A new intertillage method,found and proposed by the first author of this paper,called ＂Tangkeng＂（Pit-furrow plough）,for a better conservation of water and soil is suitable for summer tillage in the semiarid farmland in northern China.Compared with the conventional method,this tillage makes closely spaced pits along the valleys between ridges.which like mini reservoirs in the farmland,can store more water and decrease soil loss during intense rainfall.The first author of this paper has practiced with a small lot test field for two years,and the new method—Tangkeng method shows obvious increase in the yield of millet planting.This has changed the traditional intertillage method that had been conducted for more than a thousand years.The authors of this paper think that this method should be evaluated by agriculture specialists and popularized in the semiarid farmland in northern China.