杂交水稻塑盘育秧手栽的增产效果与原因

Effects of and Reasons for Yield Increase of the Cultural Pattern with Seedlings Raised on Plastic Trays and Transplanted by Hands in Hybrid Rice

对杂交水稻塑盘旱育秧抛栽和塑盘旱育秧手栽两种栽培方式进行了系统比较。结果表明 ,手栽比抛栽增产 8.58%,达显著水平。增产的途径是大穗。增产的原因是 :手栽植株田间分布规律而均匀 ,改善了田间小气候 ,个体发展均衡 ,协调了群体与个体的矛盾 ;手栽植株生理代谢旺盛 ,N、P、K含量高 ,前期具有明显的营养优势 ,吸收的 N、P、K多、吸收比率大 ,后期具有明显的物质分配优势 ,经济系数大。

The studies were conducted to compare two cultural patterns in hybrid rice, i.e., dryland seedlings raised on plastic trays and transplanted by throwing (TBT) and dryland seedlings raised on plastic trays and transplanted by hands (TBH). The results showed that TBH yielded 8.58% higher (significant at 5% level) than TBT because of larger panicles. The causes of yield increase by TBH were analyzed. The plants transplanted by hands were distributed more regularly and evenly, which improves the microclimate in field, balanced individual development, and harmonized the contradiction between population and individuals. The plants transplanted by hands had stronger physiological metabolism with higher contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. In early growth stage, TBH had greater uptake amount and faster uptake rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and in late growth stage it showed a better dry matter distribution with a higher harvest index.