区域土地利用变化的水环境效应

Effects of Regional Land Use Change to Water Environmental

区域土地利用变化对生态环境的影响,是全球变化研究的重要内容,其中,土地利用变化的水环境效应已成为区域水土资源利用研究的热点。针对区域土地利用变化对水环境的影响,采用文献资料法和对比分析法,总结了土地利用变化对水文过程和水环境质量2大方面的影响。对水文过程的影响主要是集中在下垫面性质的改变对水文要素的影响和影响区域水资源平衡及地下水与地表水循环2个方面。对水质的影响主要是影响泥沙输出和造成水污染。目前,在基础理论与机理方面的研究比较薄弱,水土复合系统及时空耦合研究较少,缺乏统一指标、对比集成分析,在模型研究与GIS,RS融合方面还有待完善。未来的研究应注重理论建设、机理研究、集成分析、模型融合。

The effect on the eco-environment from LUCC in a region scale is ＇a very important task in the global change research. The research of land-use change impact on water environment has been the focus of regional land and water resource use. The purpose of this study was to summarize the water effects of regional land use change. Methods of documentation and comparitive analysis were employed. There are two important research fields, including the impacts on hydrologic process and water environmental quality. The research of the impacts on hydrologic process could be divided into two kinds： the effect to hydrological variability from change in the nature of underlying surface, and the influence on regional water resources balance and water cycle. The research of water quality focuses on sediment effects and water pollution. There were four deficiencies in present study： the weakness of basic theory and mechanism; less compound study of land-water system and time-space-coupling laws; lack of unify evaluating indicator and comparative integrating analysis; researches on the model and digital convergence need to be improved. It is concluded that the study should pay more attention to theoretical work, mechanism study, integrating analysis and model merging.