杉木速生无性系选择与材质分析

Fast-growing Clone Selection and Wood Quality Analysis in Chinese Fir

为了筛选获得杉木速生优良无性系,并对其材质性状进行评测,进而给无性系的推广应用提供依据,对38个19年生杉木无性系生长性状进行测量、分析与筛选,同时测定速生无性系的树皮比率、各重要材质性状。结果表明:树高、胸径、材积在无性系间差异极显著,重复力均大于0.85;共6个无性系入选为速生无性系(C08、C17、C21、C23、C24、C35),树皮比率均小于6.5%,木材干缩率皆小于群体均值(PM),C08、C21和C35木材基本密度在PM值之上,C17、C23与C24木材吸水率均大于PM,而C17、C21和C23心材比均大于49%;各速生无性系材积现实增益均大于35%,而在材质性状上,则增益情况有所差异。以材积为选择指标,对无性系的速生性进行选择显然有效,材质性状分析结果可为无性系的综合评价与利用提供依据。

To obtain fast-growing Cunninghamia lanceolata（Chinese fir） clones and profile their wood quality that would be useful for further application of these superior clones in forestry,screening assay basing on the determination and analysis of the growth and wood quality traits of 38 19-year-old Cunninghamia lanceolata clones were conducted.It was found that the growth traits including height and diameter and volume varied extremely significantly among clones,and all the traits had a high repeatability level（0.85）.Of the tested clones,a total of 6（C08,C17,C21,C23,C24 and C35） were supposed to be fast-growing ones.The bark ratios of these superior clones were all below 6.5%,and the shrinkage of the wood appeared to be lower than that of the value of population mean（PM）.C08,C21 and C35 superior clones displayed a higher level of wood density of PM,while the wood hygroscopicity of clone C17,C23 and C24 seemed to be also higher than that of PM. Strikingly,the C17,C21 and C23 superior clones all presented a 49% heartwood ratio.Further analysis revealed that all the superior clones had a realized-gain of over 35% in volume.In the case of the wood,the realized-gain for each trait seemed to be different for each superior clone.Herein,it was concluded that the selection of fast-growing clones basing on the trait of volume was effective,and the obtained wood quality data would be useful for multi-evaluation of the superior clones and their further exploitation in near future.