喀斯特温和气候区半夏优化栽培模式研究

Optimization on the Cultivation Model of Pinellia ternata in Mild-limatic Karst Zone

为了给半夏高产优质栽培提供依据,通过不同栽培密度及有机肥、氮肥、磷肥施用量对半夏产量和总生物碱含量进行研究,采用4因子5水平二次回归旋转组合设计方法进行试验,重量法测定半夏总生物碱含量。结果表明,4个试验因子对半夏块茎产量影响的重要程度依次为种植密度>施N量>有机肥施用量>施P2O5量。建立了各因素与半夏块茎产量的数学模型,通过对模型解析和模拟寻优,提出半夏块茎产量≥1500 g/m2和半夏块茎产量≥1750 g/m2的优化栽培方案。在半夏栽培中,密度及有机肥、氮肥、磷肥施用量应控制在一定合理范围,才有利于半夏产量的提高及总生物碱的积累。

In order to provide a basis for high-yield and high-quality cultivation of Pinellia ternata,the author studied that effects on the yield and total alkaloid content of Pinellia ternate with 4 factors including planting density and respective applications of organic,nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer.The experimental design,5-levels quadratic regression rotational combinational method,was adopted on the 4 factors.The total alkaloid content of Pinellia ternate was determined through gravimetric method.The results indicated that the sequence was：planting densityapplication of nitrogen fertilizerapplication of organic fertilizerapplication of phosphate fertilizer,according to effects of the 4 factors on the yield of Pinellia ternate tuber.A mathematic model was built between the 4 factors and the yield of Pinellia ternate tuber.By model analysis and simulation optimization,an optimal cultivation program for the unit yield of Pinellia ternate tuber ≥ 1500 g/m 2 was proposed,as well another program for the unit yield ≥ 1750 g/m 2.During the cultivation of Pinellia ternate,the 4 factors should be kept within reasonable limits,which was favorable for improvement of Pinellia ternate yield and the accumulation of total alkaloids.