半山丘陵区居民地空间分布的特征及其优化分析——以黑龙江省海林市为例

The Analysis of Spatial Distribution and Optimization on Settlement in Upland Half a Mountainous Area——A case study of Hailin city in Heilongjiang Province

为了掌握半山丘陵区居民地空间分布的变化特征,对居民地布局进行优化,为居民地规划和整理的实施提供重要依据,以地处长白山系半山丘陵区的海林市为研究区,结合TM、DEM影像等相关资料,分别从海拔、坡度、坡向、交通、水源5方面对居民地的空间特征进行了定量分析,采用特尔斐法对选取的指标赋予权重并逐一打分,并根据研究区人口、经济、人文等情况,将研究区的居民点划分为搬迁型、保留型及发展型,并进行优化。结果表明:随着海拔、坡度的增加,居民点数量、面积逐渐减少,在北方地区坡向为正北向的居民点面积最少。交通、水源与居民点的空间分布具有显著相关性。根据优化方案确定搬迁型居民点148个,保留型居民点1632个,发展型居民点40个。

In order to Master variation characteristic and optimization of spatial distribution on settlement in upland half a mountainous area will provide an important basis for implement of planning and consolidation.Take Hailin City in upland half a mountainous in Changbai mountain as a case,used TM,DEM and other datum,the study quantitatively analyzed the spatial characterizations of settlements in the area from the aspects of elevation,slope,aspect,roads and rivers.The weight and score of each index were determined with Delphi Method,and then according to the population,economy social humanity and so on,the study divided the settlement into three types：relocation,reservation and development.Optimization on the settlement was in the end.The results indicated that with the elevation and slope increased,the number and area were gradually reduced.In the northern region,northern slope of settlement had the minimum area.Transport and water were significantly associated with spatial distribution of settlement.According to optimization,148 settlements were determined as the relocation,1632 settlements as the reservation and 40 settlements as the development.