急诊昏迷患者的迅速分诊与急救方法研究

Research of Rapid Triage and First Aid for Emergency Patients under Coma

目的以急诊诊疗理论及昏迷患者的治疗原则为研究基础,探讨急诊昏迷患者的迅速分诊与急救方法,为提高昏迷患者的救治成功率提供可行的理论依据。方法 2007年4月—2011年4月我院急诊科诊治182例昏迷患者,对患者的症状、体征及病史进行快速分析、并辅以相关仪器检测(如快速血糖分析、颅脑CT、磁共振、脑脊液、血清学检查等),通过分析结果及时准确的对患者采取分诊急救。结果 182例患者,其中106例患者救治成功,63例脱离生命危险转入相关科室进行后续治疗,死亡13例,总有效率为92.85%。结论通过对昏迷患者的症状、体征及病史进行快速分析,并辅以相关仪器检测,采取有效的分诊急救手段联合平时针对性的总结和演练,可以明显地提高昏迷患者的救治率,降低死亡率。

Objective The study is to explore the rapid triage and first aid method for emergency patients under coma on the basis of emergency theory and principles of treatment so as to provide a feasible theoretical guide for the successful treatment of the unconscious patients.Methods 182 unconscious patients admitted to our emergency department between April 2007-April 2011 were enrolled in the study.After quick analysis of patients′ symptoms,signs and medical history and some relevant examination（such as rapid blood analysis,brain CT,MRI,CSF,serology,etc.） with the help of supplementing testing equipments,patients received accurate and timely triage and subsequent first aid treatment.Results 106 out of 182 patients received timely treatment and was discharged afterwards,another 63 patients were out of danger and transferred to the relevant departments for follow-up treatment and the rest 13 patients died.The total effective rate was 92.85%.Conclusion Through the rapid analysis of the patients of symptoms,signs and medical history and relevant examination with the help of supplementing testing equipments,effective rapid triage along with usual intentional summary and exercises can significantly improve the treatment rate of comatose patients and reduce mortality.