39865例急诊外科就诊病例的疾病谱构成及特点分析

Clinical Epidemiological Analysis of 39 865 Emergency Surgical Cases

目的探讨我院急诊外科疾病谱的构成及特点,提出相应对策。方法回顾性分析2009年度上海复旦大学附属金山医院急诊外科就诊患者的性别、年龄、就诊的时间、月份、就诊的原因等,并对不同性别患者就诊的时间和年龄进行分析。结果 2009年度急诊外科收治患者39 865例,男性为主24 822例,占62.27%。男女患者就诊时间不同,差异有统计学意义(P=0.009)。男女患者就诊年龄不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。各月份急诊外科就诊的患者数不同,5～10月份就诊患者较多,1、2月份就诊的患者较少。消化道系统疾病类前3位分别是急性阑尾炎、胆囊结石伴急性胆囊炎(胆石症伴急性胆囊炎)、肠梗阻。因创伤就诊主要为意外受伤、交通事故、工伤、锐器扎伤、高处坠落伤。年龄>70岁患者,就诊疾病前3位分别是胆管疾病、股骨粗隆骨折、肠梗阻。结论根据我院急诊外科就诊疾病谱构成及时间分布特点,为我院急诊工作的学科建设、科学管理、医护培训等提供依据。

Objective To explore the formation and features of emergency surgical disease spectrum in our hospital.Methods We retrospectively collected the data of the patients admitted to the Emergency Department of Jin Shan Hospital,Fu Dan University about information of gender,age,time and month distribution of admission,reasons of admission,etc.in the year of 2009 and made analysis of admission time,age in different genders.Results In 2009,we accepted 39 865 emergency surgical patients,among which males were 24 822,accounting for 62.27%.The admission time was different in males and females with significance（P=0.009）.The difference in patients′ ages was also significant（P〈0.01）.The number of patients differed in months：more patients from May to October and less in January and February.Digestive system disease was included in the emergency surgical disease spectrum,among which acute appendicitis,acute cholecystitis with cholelithiasis and intestinal obstruction were listed in the first,the second and the third.The major injury admission included accidental injuries,traffic accidents,work injuries,sharps injuries and high falling injuries.For patients above 70,the admission diseases listing in the first three were biliary tract diseases,femoral intertrochanteric fracture and intestinal obstruction.Conclusion Through analyzing the emergency surgical disease spectrum as well as the time distribution,we were equipped with more reference materials for emergency department construction,scientific management and medical training and so on.