基于农户意愿的脆弱生态区生态补偿模式研究——以鄱阳湖区为例

A Study on Eco-Compensation Modes for Ecologically Fragile Regions Based on Farmer's Willingness to Accept EcoCompensation——The Case of Eco-Compensation for Poyang Lake Wetland Restoration

脆弱生态区生态补偿政策的制定和实施需要充分考虑农户的受偿意愿和家庭生计。论文以鄱阳湖区为例,采用实地问卷调查方法获取农户受偿意愿数据,然后通过Logistic方法建立了农户受偿意愿与单位耕地产值之间的关系。根据目前生态补偿措施实施效果与存在问题,提出了基于农户意愿的分别以耕地、劳动力转移和生产结构调整为主要补偿对象的三种典型生态补偿模式。利用回归分析和年龄移算法,对湖区未来20 a三种生态补偿模式下的退田还湖生态补偿总额变化过程进行详细模拟分析。结果表明,生产结构调整补偿模式较其他两种模式具有明显的优势,不仅为高效利用国家补偿资金提供了有效途径,还能充分发挥当地政府的积极性,为农业劳动力提供就业机会。

Farmer＇s livelihood and willingness to accept eco-compensation need to be taken into account when designing and implementing eco-compensation measures in ecologically fragile regions.Taking the Poyang Lake area as a typical case,detailed household surveys demonstrate that there is a consistency between farmers＇ willingness to accept eco-compensation and the productive value of their cultivated land.Furthermore,it is found from the currently practiced eco-compensation projects that besides farmers＇ willingness to accept eco-compensation for abandoning their cultivated farmland,labor migration and production-structure adjustment also exert significant influences on the implementation of eco-compensation measures.As a result,three modes of eco-compensation are proposed and the process of their implementation over the next 20 years is simulated.It is shown that among the three modes,the production-structure adjustment mode is much more advantageous than land-abandonment and labor-migration modes.This is because the production-structure adjustment mode uses compensation funds more efficiently through encouraging participation of local governments and creating a large number of job opportunities for agriculture labors.