卢卡奇的总体性思想辨析

An Analysis of Lukacs' Idea of Totality

如何通过界定和伸张马克思主义的哲学性来坚持其理论的批判性?这个问题始终都在推动着当代国外马克思主义理论思潮的发展演变,也由此形成了所谓的"西方马克思主义"的基本理论走向,即通过总体性思想来解释和完善马克思主义的哲学方法论及其历史辩证法。卢卡奇之所以被封为西方马克思主义的鼻祖,正是因为他是这种理论走向的始作俑者。本文认为卢卡奇的总体性思想是在深化马克思主义的哲学维度,同时也是在强化马克思主义的主体性原则,因而引发了后续的关于马克思主义总体性思想的种种争论。从某种意义上说,卢卡奇的总体性思想不仅是西方马克思主义的主要思想来源,而且也是当代马克思主义发展的重要思想资源。

How to adhere to the critical nature of Marxist theories by defining and advocating its philosophical nature？ This question has functioned as a motive that pushes the development and evolution of contemporary Marxist theories abroad.And this is exactly how the basic theoretical tendency of the so-called ＂western Marxism＂ is formed.That is,interpreting and perfecting Marxist philosophical methodology and its historical dialectics by referring to the idea of totality.It is just because Lukacs is the initiator of this theoretical trend that he is considered the originator of western Marxism.The paper holds that Lukacs＇ totality idea has deepened the philosophical dimension of Marxism and reinforced Marxist principle of subjectivity,which aroused the subsequent controversies over Marxist totality idea.In a sense,Lukacs＇ totality idea is not only the major theoretical source of western Marxism,but it is also an important theoretical source of contemporary development of Marxism.