水烟筒烟草主流烟气中15种化学成分的测定和水烟筒过滤效率研究

Determination of Fifteen Kinds of Components in Mainstream Smoke of Waterpipe Tobacco and Filtration Efficiency of Chinese Waterpipe

目的建立一种模拟人抽吸水烟筒的方法,并就水烟筒对烟气中15种化学成分的过滤效率进行研究。方法用RM20H吸烟机抽吸水烟筒(参数:2烟锅×0.73 g/烟锅的水烟丝,抽吸容量80 ml,抽吸时间2.6 s,间隔17.0 s),烟气分别通过没有装水和装水的定制水烟筒后用剑桥滤片捕集;并采用该方法测定水烟筒烟草主流烟气中15种化学成分的释放量。结果抽吸水烟筒烟草时,所释放焦油和尼古丁的量比ISO标准方法抽吸普通卷烟数值高4～5倍,水烟筒对15种化学成分的过滤效率为2.3%～89.7%,对尼古丁仅有2.3%的过滤吸收作用,对甲醛、乙醛、丙酮、丙烯醛、丙醛、巴豆醛、丁醛、对-苯二酚和邻-苯二酚等易溶于水的化学成分过滤效率较高。结论该方法适用于水烟筒烟草主流烟气中化学物质的测定。水烟筒可以过滤掉某些化学物质,但焦油和尼古丁释放量高于直接抽吸卷烟时的释放量。

Objective To establish a method for simulation Chinese smoking waterpipe tobacco and to determine thereafter 15 components in mainstream virginian-type tobacco-waterpipe smoke with the developed method, and to study the filtration efficiency of Chinese waterpipe for the 15 components. Methods RM20H smoking machine was adjusted slightly to meet the smoking regimen consisting of 80 ml puff volume, 2.6 s duration, and inter-puff duration 17.0 s. Two fold of 0.73 grams of cut tobacco bought from Kunming market was loaded in two bowels respectively, and ignited with a R29 manual electrical lighter. The smoke aerosol was passed through the customized waterpipe with and without water in it, respectively. Results The tar and nicotine yielded by waterpipe smoking were four to five times higher than those by smoking mostly popular cigarettes in China by ISO method. The filtration efficiency of waterpipe for 15 components of mainstream smoke is in the range of 2.3%-89.7% and the water of waterpipe absorbed only 2.3% nicotine. The filtration efficiency of waterpipe for water-soluble components, such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, acraldehyde, propylaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, butylaldehyde, hydroquinone and catechol, was dramatically higher compared with the others. Conclusion A method for simulation Chinese smoking waterpipe tobacco was established and used in the present study. In general, Chinese water pipes do filter varying quantities of toxic elements, but they still deliver four to five times more tar and nicotine than cigarette smoking.