从“把”字句的习得看母语习得与语法化的关系

Relationship between the First Language Acquisition and Grammarticalization from the Acquisition of the Ba-structure Sentence

"把"字的语法化是从实词用法过渡到虚词用法的过程。运用个案研究法、数理统计法和文献资料法对两名说汉语儿童"把"字的习得过程进行观察和研究,结果发现:儿童"把"字句的习得是一个由"把"字的实词用法过渡到虚词用法的过程;虽然儿童从"把"字句的实词开始习得,但是虚词用法的发展远远快于实词用法的发展。母语习得与语法化之间顺序上呈正相关,在应用频率上呈负相关。

The grammarticalization of the ba is the process of shift from notional words to function words. Applying the method of case study, data analysis of statistics, literature consultation, an analysis is conducted from the longitudinal data of two mandarin children. The result shows children＇ s acquisition of ba-structure sentence is the process of translatiou from notional words to function words; although starting from the acquisition of notional wnrds, the development of function words is more rapid. First language acquisition has a positive corelation in acquisition sequence and a negative one in applying： frequencv with grammnaticahzation.