某地区0～12岁儿童微量元素水平调查分析

Investigation of trace elements levels in children of 0-12 years old of certain area

目的调查宝鸡地区0～12岁儿童微量元素水平的分布及血铅含量,分析本地区儿童微量元素缺乏状况,为指导合理膳食及用药提供依据。方法采集541例健康体检的0～12岁儿童全血标本。其中男276例,女265例,将其分为4个年龄组,～1岁组132例,～4岁组139例,～8岁组140例,～12岁组130例,每组按性别分为男、女性2组。对不同年龄段和不同性别间儿童微量元素水平进行比对分析。采用原子吸收光谱法测定钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)和锌(Zn)5种微量元素,采用钨舟无焰原子吸收光谱法测定血铅(Pb)含量。结果微量元素钙(Ca)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)和锌(Zn)缺乏分别占总例数的17.0%、25.7%、6.28%和17.2%,血铅含量超标共43例,占7.94%;男、女性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各年龄段组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论宝鸡地区儿童微量元素缺乏在不同年龄段差异有统计学意义。家长应对其有充足的认识,定期检测微量元素,根据不同年龄段儿童生长发育特点,适时补充。

Objective To study the distribution of trace elements levels and blood lead level in children of 0-12 years old in certain area to understand the state of trace elements deficiency and supply reasonable basis for rational diet and medication.Methods Whole blood samples were collected from 541 cases of children of 0-12 years old during physical examination,including 276 cases of boys and 265 cases of girls,divided into four age groups,including 132 cases for 0-1 years old,139 cases for 1-4 years old,140 cases for 4-8 years old and 130 cases for 8-12 years old group,and each age group was divided into boys and girls groups.Trace elements levels of different age and gender groups were compared.Atomic absorption spectrometry was performed for the detection of calcium（Ca） ,magnesium（Mg） ,iron（Fe） ,Copper（Cu） and Zinc（Zn） levels,tungsten boat flameless atomic absorption spectrometry was utilized for the detection of blood lead（Pb） content.Results The rates of deficiency of Ca,Fe,Cu and Zn were 17.0%,25.7%,6.28% and 17.2%,and 7.94% were with abnormal elevation of blood lead level.There was no statistical difference between girls and boys（P0.05） ,but statistical difference could be demonstrated between different age groups（P0.05） .Conclusion There could be obvious difference of deficiency of trace elements between different age groups in children of this area.Parents should pay more attention for the deficiency and regular detection of trace elements,and supplement of trace elements according to the developmental characteristics of children at different ages.